Tsunamis, triggered by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and landslides, have caused immense devastation throughout history. The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was the deadliest, claiming over 230,000 lives. Other significant events include the 1755 Lisbon earthquake and tsunami, the 1883 Krakatoa eruption, and the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, highlighting the need for improved warning systems and disaster preparedness.